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Created page with "Too much training is worse than not enough. Overtraining is a lack of recovery from training stress. The most serious type of overtra..."
[[File:Tired athlete.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Too much training is worse than not enough.]]
Overtraining is a lack of recovery from training stress. The most serious type of overtraining is [[Overtraining Syndrome]], but there are other categories. Each involves some imbalance between training and recovery, but with different outcomes.
* '''[[Too Much Too Soon]]''' (TMTS) is different to [[Overtraining Syndrome]], but it is related. [[Too Much Too Soon]] is where a new training stress is increased too quickly, combined with too little recovery causing injuries, but without the impaired performance, persistent fatigue, and mood changes of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]. ''(Main article: [[Too Much Too Soon]].)''
* '''[[Overuse]]''' is similar to TMTS, but is where a long term imbalance between training and recovery leads to injuries. Like TMTS, overuse does not have the mood changes that are indicative of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]. With [[Overuse]] passive recovery is often insufficient. ''(Main article: [[Overuse]].)''
* '''Overload''' is a normal part of healthy, effective training. Overload has a short term performance decrement, but without the severe psychological and long lasting negative symptoms of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]<ref name="OTEcssPos"/>. Overload is sometimes called 'functional overreaching'. Overload can be recovered from in a few days<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/>.
* '''[[Overtraining Syndrome]]''' is where the imbalance between training and recovery produces a decrease in performance and negative psychological changes. The negative effects of overreaching do not produce overall performance improvements through [[Supercompensation]]. ''(Main article: [[Overtraining Syndrome]].)''
** [[Overtraining Syndrome Subtypes]]. There are various ways of categorizing Overtraining Syndrome. One division is based on recovery time, with recovery in two weeks or less being called 'Overreaching' (AKA non-functional overreaching<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/><ref name="OTEcssPos"/> and 'Overtraining Syndrome' (OTS) requiring several weeks<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/>, or months<ref name="OTEcssPos"/> and sometimes years<ref name="OTDepression"/>. Other categorizations use the associated mental health impacts of [[Overtraining Syndrome]].
=Overtraining and Supercompensation=
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|[[File:Supercompensation-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|Exercise produces a temporary decrease in fitness, followed by a recovery and [[supercompensation]].]]
|[[File:Supercompensation-continued-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|With sufficient rest between workouts, fitness improves.]]
|[[File:Supercompensation-fatigue-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|Without sufficient recovery time, the fatigue builds up until injury or overtraining syndrome occurs.]]
|}
=References=
<references>
<ref name="OTEcssPos">Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the Overtraining Syndrome http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tejs/2006/00000006/00000001/art00001 </ref>
<ref name="OTDepression">The unknown mechanism of the overtraining syndrom... [Sports Med. 2002] - PubMed - NCBI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11839081 </ref>
<ref name="OTPhysioReview">Physiological Perspective of Endurance Overtraining – A Comprehensive Update http://ajms.alameenmedical.org/article_vol05-1-jan-mar-2012/AJMS.5.1.2012%20P%207-20.pdf </ref>
</references>
Overtraining is a lack of recovery from training stress. The most serious type of overtraining is [[Overtraining Syndrome]], but there are other categories. Each involves some imbalance between training and recovery, but with different outcomes.
* '''[[Too Much Too Soon]]''' (TMTS) is different to [[Overtraining Syndrome]], but it is related. [[Too Much Too Soon]] is where a new training stress is increased too quickly, combined with too little recovery causing injuries, but without the impaired performance, persistent fatigue, and mood changes of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]. ''(Main article: [[Too Much Too Soon]].)''
* '''[[Overuse]]''' is similar to TMTS, but is where a long term imbalance between training and recovery leads to injuries. Like TMTS, overuse does not have the mood changes that are indicative of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]. With [[Overuse]] passive recovery is often insufficient. ''(Main article: [[Overuse]].)''
* '''Overload''' is a normal part of healthy, effective training. Overload has a short term performance decrement, but without the severe psychological and long lasting negative symptoms of [[Overtraining Syndrome]]<ref name="OTEcssPos"/>. Overload is sometimes called 'functional overreaching'. Overload can be recovered from in a few days<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/>.
* '''[[Overtraining Syndrome]]''' is where the imbalance between training and recovery produces a decrease in performance and negative psychological changes. The negative effects of overreaching do not produce overall performance improvements through [[Supercompensation]]. ''(Main article: [[Overtraining Syndrome]].)''
** [[Overtraining Syndrome Subtypes]]. There are various ways of categorizing Overtraining Syndrome. One division is based on recovery time, with recovery in two weeks or less being called 'Overreaching' (AKA non-functional overreaching<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/><ref name="OTEcssPos"/> and 'Overtraining Syndrome' (OTS) requiring several weeks<ref name="OTPhysioReview"/>, or months<ref name="OTEcssPos"/> and sometimes years<ref name="OTDepression"/>. Other categorizations use the associated mental health impacts of [[Overtraining Syndrome]].
=Overtraining and Supercompensation=
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|[[File:Supercompensation-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|Exercise produces a temporary decrease in fitness, followed by a recovery and [[supercompensation]].]]
|[[File:Supercompensation-continued-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|With sufficient rest between workouts, fitness improves.]]
|[[File:Supercompensation-fatigue-small.png|none|thumb|x200px|Without sufficient recovery time, the fatigue builds up until injury or overtraining syndrome occurs.]]
|}
=References=
<references>
<ref name="OTEcssPos">Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the Overtraining Syndrome http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tejs/2006/00000006/00000001/art00001 </ref>
<ref name="OTDepression">The unknown mechanism of the overtraining syndrom... [Sports Med. 2002] - PubMed - NCBI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11839081 </ref>
<ref name="OTPhysioReview">Physiological Perspective of Endurance Overtraining – A Comprehensive Update http://ajms.alameenmedical.org/article_vol05-1-jan-mar-2012/AJMS.5.1.2012%20P%207-20.pdf </ref>
</references>