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Hyponatremia

434 bytes added, 10:51, 23 November 2011
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While dehydration can be dangerous, the danger from Hyponatremia is far greater. Hyponatremia is where the sodium (salt) levels in the blood becomes too dilute.
==Symptoms==
Initial symptoms tend to be a gain in weight and a general swelling and 'puffiness', most noticeable in the hands. More severe symptoms are caused by a swelling of the brain (cerebral edema) including nausea, vomiting, headache and malaise <ref name="ref10"/>. The link between Hyponatremia and [[Cramps]] is not clear, but there is evidence that increased sodium intake can alleviate the problemboth problems.
==Causes==
# [[Sodium Deficiency]], combined with adequate or excessive hydration.
# [[NSAIDs and Running|NSAID]] usage, which is been linked to hyponatremia.
# [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrome_of_inappropriate_antidiuretic_hormone_hypersecretion Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Hypersecretion], or SIADH, is where the body secretes too much of the hormone (vasopressin) that reduces the urine output of the kidney.itIt's not clear if this is an independent cause of hyponatremia, or if this is a mechanism underlying one of the other causes. However, some research<ref name="siadh"/> suggests that many cases of Hyponatremia are due to SIADH caused by a combination of over hydration, NSAID usage and Rhabdomyolysis. One key aspect of SIADH is that because it prevents urine production, people mistakenly assume that they are not urinating due to dehydration and drink even more.
==Likelyhood==
<ref name="nzmarathon">Study of hematological and biochemical para... [Clin J Sport Med. 2004] - PubMed - NCBI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15523206</ref>
<ref name="siadh"> http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002934307001672</ref>
</references>

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