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{{DISPLAYTITLE:GPS Accuracy of Garmin, Polar, and other Running Watches}}<div style="float:right;">__TOC__</div>

[[File:GPS Accuracy.png|none|thumb|800px|An infographic of the accuracy of the GPS running watches. The top right corner represents the most accurate watches. (This graphic uses ISO 5725 terminology.)]]

The table below is a simplified summary of the results, where a '10' would be a perfect device. (For an explanation of the ISO 5725 terms 'trueness', 'precision' and 'accuracy', see below.)

The table below shows summary data for each device. The count field is how many measurements I have for that combination of condition and device, with each measurement being a quarter mile distance. I generally aim for over 1,000 data points to even out the effects of weather, satellite position and other factors. The Trueness is the absolute of the mean, though nearly all watches tend to read short. The standard deviation is provided based on the variance from the mean and the variance from the known true value. The average pace error is shown to give a sense of how much error you're likely to see in the display of current pace. This is an average error not a worst case. The data shown below is a summary the accuracy based on all the sections. If you'd like more detailed information, I've split off the [[Detailed Statistics for GPS Running Watches]] for the results under different conditions.

{{:GPS Accuracy-statistics}}

==Progress of newer watches==

I expected GPS watches to improve with time, but the opposite appears to be happening. With the Garmin devices especially, you can see that the older watches generally do far better than the newer ones. I suspect this is due to compromises to get better battery life and smaller packaging and the cost of GPS accuracy.

==Smartphone Accuracy==

==Interpretation and Conclusions==

What do these statistics mean? This is my interpretation:

=Footpod Accuracy=

The accuracy of a Footpod is far higher than GPS, as well as more consistent and quicker to react to changes in pace. For any given run, the average pace error from the Footpod is only 7 seconds/mile (at a 9:00 min/mile pace) or 5 seconds/Km (at a 5:30 min/Km pace). In practical terms, I've found that I always have to use a Footpod to pace a marathon or for critical speedwork. For details of how the Footpod calibration was done, see [[GPS Testing Methodology]].

=Which Chipset? =

While the specific chipset used in a GPS watch will impact its accuracy, there are many other factors that come into play. The physical packaging of the chipset, the antenna used, the particular features that are implemented, and the software that interprets the raw data will influence the overall accuracy. It's important to note that the SiRF chipsets such as "SIRFstarIV" are not a single chipset, but rather an overall architecture with several specific chipsets bearing the same name.

[[File:AccuracyAndPace.jpg|none|thumb|500px| A plot of GPS precision against pace. The red line is the correlation.]]

There have been reports of GPS accuracy changing with pace, but as you can see from the graph above, my testing does not show this.

=GPS Accuracy and Sampling Rate=

GPS watches default to recording a sample frequently enough that accuracy is not compromised. However, several devices offer the option of recording less frequently to improve battery life at the cost of accuracy. These devices actually turn off the GPS receiver, turning it on periodically for just long enough to get a fix. The images below are from the [[2014 Badwater 135]] using the [[Suunto Ambit2| Suunto Ambit2 R]] with recording set to one minute intervals. As you can see, accuracy suffers on curves, but is fine on the straights. For a course like Badwater, the one minute recording interval was fine as the course has few turns.

|[[File:GPS Sampling Straight.jpg|none|thumb|x300px|On the straight sections, the one minute sampling does not lose any accuracy.]]

|[[File:GPS Sampling Comparison.jpg|none|thumb|x300px|Here's a comparison of 1 minute sampling (red) with 1 second sampling (blue). On my GPS testing course the 1 minute sampling lost nearly 2 miles over a 16 mile run.]]

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=Device Specific Notes=