Changes

The VMO is a subdivision of one of the four quadriceps muscles that is believed to impact the tracking of the kneecap and therefore a factor in knee pain[[Knee Pain]].

There have been many approaches in trying to find the best resistance exercise to strengthen the VMO relative to the other quad muscles. These approaches include using knee only or multiple joints (angle/knee/hip), eccentric, concentric or isometric exercise, and position of the limbs<ref name="KneeVMORelative"/>. A review of the studies that looked at exercising the VMO was inconclusive<ref name="KneeVMOEx"/>. Therefore it is hard to recommend any exercise that will strengthen the VMO relative to the other quad muscles. Of course, exercises that strengthen the quad muscles will tend to strengthen the VMO as well, but may not restore any imbalance. More importantly, the main reason for strengthening the VMO is knee pain[[Knee Pain]], and most exercises to strengthen the quad put extra stress on the kneecap, aggravating the problem. Therefore, resistance training the quads is not recommended for those with knee pain[[Knee Pain]]<ref name="PPConcepts"/>.