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Acetone levels correlate well with body fat loss<ref name="Kundu-1993"/>, but are also elevated by the [[Ketogenic Diet]]<ref name="Kalapos-2003"/>, [[MCT]] <ref name="Freund-1966"/> intake, and exercise<ref name="SasakiIshikawa2011"/> even in the absence of weight loss. One study found that a one pound (0.5 Kg) per week fat loss correlated with 1.7 PPM of acetone (67 nmol/L). Each ~40% increase in breath acetone was an additional ∼0.5 Lb (250g) of weekly fat loss<ref name="Anderson2015"/>.
[[File:Acetone Weight Loss.jpg|center|thumb|300px|Breath acetone against average weight loss]]
Breath acetone correlates well (though not linearly) with blood (BOHB) ketone levels<ref name="Anderson2015"/>. This makes it useful for monitoring the progression of a ketogenic diet, as well as for measuring weight loss. The formula below was developed based on 12 adults consuming Ketogenic meals over a short period<ref name="Musa-Veloso-2002"/>:
For Breath Acetone (BrAce) in mmol/L:
BOHB = 0.45 11 * BrAce<sup>0.547</sup> + - 0.118
Note that the relationship is far from exact (r=0.5 or so.)
[[File:Breath Acetone.jpg|center|thumb|400px|The relationship between breath acetone and blood BOHB from multiple studies.]]